Dungeon Crawl Stone Soup version 0.35-a0-570-g6c56e8410e (webtiles) character file. Game seed: 4280248538917158440 28326 FromWork the Grappler (level 13, -13/103 HPs) Began as a Mummy Berserker on June 25, 2026. Was a High Priest of Trog. Incinerated by a deep elf pyromancer (15 damage) ... on level 14 of the Dungeon. The game lasted 00:48:58 (17790 turns). FromWork the Grappler (Mummy Berserker) Turns: 17790, Time: 00:48:59 Health: -13/103 AC: 20 Str: 28 XL: 13 Next: 9% Magic: 0/13 EV: 11 Int: 7 God: Trog [*****.] Gold: 433 SH: 6 Dex: 11 Spells: 12/12 levels left rFire x . . (150%) - Nothing wielded rCold + . . (50%) n - +0 kite shield rNeg + + + (0%) e - +5 ring mail of the Stone Wall {rElec Str+3} rPois ∞ (0%) b - +0 helmet {Snipe} rElec + (33%) l - +2 cloak rCorr . (100%) f - +0 pair of gloves SInv + d - +2 pair of boots Will +.... h - amulet of guardian spirit Stlth + i - +4 ring of slaying HPRegen 0.37/turn a - ring of see invisible MPRegen 0.13/turn %: guardian spirit, faith @: on fire, glowing A: cold resistance 1, negative energy resistance 3, torment resistance 2, heat vulnerability 1, in touch with death 2, no potions, faith, accursed a: Renounce Religion (0%), Trog's Hand (0%), Brothers in Arms (1%) You were on level 14 of the Dungeon. You worshipped Trog. Trog was extremely pleased with you. You visited 1 branch of the dungeon, and saw 14 of its levels. You collected 1230 gold pieces. You spent 797 gold pieces at shops. Inventory: Missiles g - 30 poisoned darts (quivered) j - 3 throwing nets Armour b - a +0 helmet of sniping (worn) d - a +2 pair of boots (worn) e - the +5 ring mail of the Stone Wall (worn) {rElec Str+3} (You found it on level 3 of the Dungeon) rElec: It insulates you from electricity. Str+3: It affects your strength (+3). It cannot be enchanted further. f - a +0 pair of gloves (worn) l - a +2 cloak (worn) m - a +3 ring mail of willpower n - a +0 kite shield (worn) Jewellery a - a ring of see invisible (worn) c - a ring of protection from cold h - an amulet of guardian spirit (worn) i - a +4 ring of slaying (worn) k - a ring of magical power Wands e - a wand of paralysis (15) c - a wand of roots (17) p - a wand of polymorph (8) Scrolls t - 5 scrolls of teleportation a - 2 scrolls of enchant armour I - a scroll of immolation N - 3 scrolls of noise w - a scroll of enchant weapon r - 5 scrolls of revelation p - 2 scrolls of poison g - a scroll of fog i - 7 scrolls of identify Skills: - Level 10.0 Fighting - Level 8.0 Throwing - Level 6.0 Armour - Level 6.0 Dodging - Level 3.0 Stealth + Level 12.8 Unarmed Combat You had 12 spell levels left. You didn't know any spells. Your spell library was empty. Dungeon Overview and Level Annotations Branches: Dungeon (14/15) Temple (0/1) D:7 Lair (0/5) D:8 Orc (0/2) D:12 Vaults: D:13-14 The Realm of Zot is guarded by orbs of entropy. Altars: Ashenzari Cheibriados Dithmenos Kikubaaqudgha Nemelex Xobeh Okawaru Qazlal Ru Sif Muna Trog Uskayaw Vehumet Wu Jian Yredelemnul Shops: D:1 ( D:9 !(= D:12 ? Annotations: D:9 exclusion: centaur warrior Innate Abilities, Weirdness & Mutations You are immune to poison. You are cold resistant. (rC+) You are immune to negative energy. (rN+++) You are immune to unholy pain and torment. You are vulnerable to heat. (rF-) You are strongly in touch with the powers of death. You cannot drink. You have a special connection with the divine. (Faith) You recover more slowly from Doom and Banes. Message History The deep elf pyromancer hits you but does no damage. You barely miss the deep elf pyromancer. The deep elf pyromancer is moderately wounded. The liquid fire burns you terribly! Your elephant tramples the vault guard!! The vault guard holds its ground! Your elephant trunk-slaps the vault guard but does no damage. The deep elf pyromancer mumbles some strange words. The deep elf pyromancer blinks! The vault guard hits you with a +0 battleaxe!! The vault guard hits your elephant with a +0 battleaxe. Your elephant tramples the vault guard. The vault guard holds its ground! Your elephant trunk-slaps the vault guard but does no damage. You shake off some of the fire as you move. The liquid fire burns you terribly! Your elephant tramples the vault guard! The vault guard holds its ground! Your elephant closely misses the vault guard. The vault guard hits you but does no damage. The vault guard hits your elephant but does no damage. You punch the vault guard! The vault guard is severely wounded. The liquid fire burns you terribly! * * * LOW HITPOINT WARNING * * * Your elephant closely misses the vault guard. Your elephant trunk-slaps the vault guard but does no damage. The vault guard hits you with a +0 battleaxe! * * * LOW HITPOINT WARNING * * * The vault guard hits your elephant with a +0 battleaxe! Unknown command. As you read the scroll of butterflies, it crumbles to dust. You hear the flapping of tiny wings. The deep elf pyromancer is knocked back by the sudden gust. Your elephant is knocked back by the sudden gust. The vault guard is knocked back by the sudden gust. The liquid fire burns you terribly! * * * LOW HITPOINT WARNING * * * You swap places with your butterfly. You shake off some of the fire as you move. The liquid fire burns you terribly! You die... ......###...............##..###.# ###...# #..###.(##..###.##..# #.# # #[..# #..# #bb##..# #.##..# #.# # #...# #..# #bp##..# #.##..# #.# # #...# #..# #b.##..# #.##..# #†# # #...###.[###bb##..# #.##......# ###(......bbYbbb##bb###.##......# .........ebbbbbbbb.bb...##..###.# ####......bbbbbb@bbbb##.##. #.# #..####bb##bb###bb##.## #.. #..# #b.##.b# #.b##.# #.. #..# #..##.b###..##.. #.. #### #######..#..##.. #≈~...##.## ..#≈≈~..# .# '....≈≈≈p.# #....≈≈≈~.# You could see a vault guard (ally target), a deep elf pyromancer (ally target) and a friendly elephant (summoned, berserk). Vanquished Creatures An ettin (D:11) A vault guard (D:14) Harold (D:11) 3 centaur warriors 2 two-headed ogres A boulder beetle (D:11) Sonja (D:11) A deep elf knight (D:14) Lodul (D:13) An ugly thing (D:13) 2 cyclopes Maurice (D:9) A manticore (D:11) An elephant (D:8) A gargoyle (D:13) Jeremiah (D:6) An unseen horror (shapeshifter) (D:13) 3 unseen horrors A yaktaur (D:14) 2 komodo dragons (D:12) A troll (D:10) 2 hornets Prince Ribbit (D:6) Grinder (D:5) Sigmund (D:4) 2 shadowghasts A vampire (D:12) A water elemental (D:13) 2 wyverns 13 yaks Eustachio (D:4) A warg (D:12) 4 basilisks 2 steam dragons 13 vampire mosquitoes Menkaure (D:5) A water moccasin (D:7) Duvessa (D:5) A kobold geomancer (D:6) 7 orc warriors A black bear (D:8) 2 sky beasts 3 ice beasts 2 laughing skulls (D:13) 11 ogres 9 centaurs A phantom (D:6) A kobold brigand (D:6) 3 unseen horror zombies (D:9) 2 bullfrogs (D:7) A gnoll sergeant (D:11) A scorpion (D:7) 2 rock fish (D:9) 16 wights Dowan (D:5) 14 killer bees 4 electric eels 3 howler monkeys A bombardier beetle (D:4) 4 jellies 4 hounds 12 orc priests Crazy Yiuf (D:6) A gnoll bouda (D:10) A sleepcap (D:7) Jessica (D:2) A drude (D:8) 2 iguanas A water moccasin zombie (D:5) 14 orc wizards 2 centaur zombies (D:9) A killer bee zombie (D:5) 10 adders 17 gnolls 3 howler monkey zombies A shadow imp (D:5) A gnoll draugr (D:5) A hound zombie (D:5) A white imp (D:5) 5 dart slugs 36 orcs 2 ribbon worms 9 endoplasms 14 hobgoblins 6 jackals (D:1) A quokka (D:3) 10 ball pythons 6 bats A frilled lizard (D:1) 8 goblins 6 kobolds 7 rats 352 creatures vanquished. Vanquished Creatures (collateral kills) A rakshasa (D:14) Fannar (D:11) A deep elf knight (D:14) A deep elf pyromancer (D:13) A cyclops (D:14) 5 creatures vanquished. Grand Total: 357 creatures vanquished Notes Turn | Place | Note -------+----------+------------------------------------------- 0 | D:1 | FromWork the Mummy Berserker began the quest for the Orb. 0 | D:1 | Reached XP level 1. HP: 18/18 MP: 1/1 171 | D:1 | Reached skill level 3 in Unarmed Combat 171 | D:1 | Reached XP level 2. HP: 18/24 MP: 2/2 382 | D:1 | Reached ** piety under Trog 570 | D:1 | Found Ucecw's Weapon Shop. 578 | D:1 | Bought 3 curare-tipped darts for 46 gold pieces 692 | D:1 | Reached XP level 3. HP: 29/29 MP: 3/3 900 | D:2 | Reached skill level 1 in Throwing 1005 | D:2 | Encountered Jessica 1014 | D:2 | Killed Jessica 1015 | D:2 | Reached XP level 4. HP: 35/35 MP: 4/4 2235 | D:2 | Reached *** piety under Trog 2236 | D:2 | Reached skill level 4 in Unarmed Combat 2346 | D:3 | Reached XP level 5. HP: 41/41 MP: 5/5 2585 | D:3 | Identified the +5 ring mail of the Stone Wall {rElec Str+3} 3215 | D:4 | Reached XP level 6. HP: 46/47 MP: 6/6 3219 | D:4 | Found a hide-covered altar of Uskayaw. 3243 | D:4 | Found a sparkling altar of Nemelex Xobeh. 3486 | D:4 | Reached skill level 5 in Unarmed Combat 3786 | D:1 | Bought 6 poisoned darts for 46 gold pieces 3786 | D:1 | Bought 5 poisoned darts for 39 gold pieces 3786 | D:1 | Bought 6 poisoned darts for 46 gold pieces 3972 | D:4 | Found a sacrificial altar of Ru. 4029 | D:4 | Encountered Eustachio 4056 | D:4 | Killed Eustachio 4056 | D:4 | Reached **** piety under Trog 4178 | D:4 | Reached XP level 7. HP: 51/52 MP: 7/7 4372 | D:4 | Encountered Sigmund 4377 | D:4 | Killed Sigmund 4420 | D:5 | Entered Level 5 of the Dungeon 4428 | D:5 | Reached skill level 6 in Unarmed Combat 4501 | D:5 | Encountered Grinder 4529 | D:5 | Killed Grinder 4530 | D:5 | Reached skill level 5 in Throwing 4536 | D:5 | Found an ancient bone altar of Kikubaaqudgha. 4721 | D:5 | Found a broken altar of Ashenzari. 4869 | D:5 | Reached XP level 8. HP: 55/58 MP: 8/8 5030 | D:5 | Encountered Menkaure 5041 | D:5 | Killed Menkaure 5316 | D:5 | Reached skill level 7 in Unarmed Combat 5570 | D:5 | Encountered Duvessa 5592 | D:5 | Encountered Dowan 5593 | D:5 | Killed Duvessa 5601 | D:5 | Killed Dowan 5798 | D:6 | Encountered Jeremiah 5817 | D:6 | Killed Jeremiah 5818 | D:6 | Reached skill level 5 in Fighting 6040 | D:6 | Reached XP level 9. HP: 68/68 MP: 9/9 6396 | D:6 | Found a shadowy altar of Dithmenos. 6481 | D:6 | Found a snail-covered altar of Cheibriados. 6503 | D:6 | Reached skill level 1 in Stealth 6574 | D:6 | Encountered Prince Ribbit 6583 | D:6 | Killed Prince Ribbit 6870 | D:6 | Encountered Crazy Yiuf 6877 | D:6 | Killed Crazy Yiuf 6935 | D:7 | Found an ornate altar of the Wu Jian Council. 7157 | D:7 | Reached ***** piety under Trog 7431 | D:7 | Found a staircase to the Ecumenical Temple. 7433 | D:7 | Found a statue of an orb of entropy. 7437 | D:7 | Found a statue of an orb of entropy. 7669 | D:7 | Reached skill level 8 in Unarmed Combat 8322 | D:8 | Reached skill level 9 in Unarmed Combat 8371 | D:8 | Killed an unseen horror 8372 | D:8 | Reached XP level 10. HP: 48/74 MP: 5/10 8696 | D:8 | Encountered an elephant 8706 | D:8 | Killed an elephant 8772 | D:8 | Found a staircase to the Lair. 8782 | D:8 | Reached skill level 10 in Unarmed Combat 9758 | D:9 | Found Ugosouts's Weapon Shoppe. 9767 | D:9 | Bought 6 boomerangs for 168 gold pieces 9767 | D:9 | Bought 5 poisoned darts for 42 gold pieces 9767 | D:9 | Bought 6 poisoned darts for 50 gold pieces 9776 | D:9 | Found Eta Xota's Distillery. 10206 | D:9 | Reached XP level 11. HP: 86/86 MP: 11/11 10398 | D:9 | Found Ihorosk's Jewellery Boutique. 10762 | D:9 | Encountered a centaur warrior 10867 | D:9 | Encountered Maurice 10871 | D:9 | Found an iron altar of Okawaru. 10875 | D:9 | Something stole 115 gold 10886 | D:9 | Something stole 27 poisoned darts 10889 | D:9 | Killed Maurice 11045 | D:10 | Entered Level 10 of the Dungeon 11291 | D:10 | Found a stormy altar of Qazlal. 11294 | D:10 | Found a bloodstained altar of Trog. 11299 | D:10 | Found a radiant altar of Vehumet. 11335 | D:10 | Reached ****** piety under Trog 11372 | D:10 | Reached skill level 5 in Armour 11485 | D:10 | Found a shimmering blue altar of Sif Muna. 11555 | D:10 | Found a basalt altar of Yredelemnul. 11555 | D:10 | Encountered a two-headed ogre 11620 | D:10 | Reached skill level 5 in Dodging 12021 | D:11 | Encountered Harold 12036 | D:11 | Killed Harold 12036 | D:11 | Received a gift from Trog 12089 | D:11 | Encountered a two-headed ogre 12091 | D:11 | Encountered a centaur warrior 12215 | D:11 | Encountered a boulder beetle 12645 | D:11 | Encountered Sonja 12656 | D:11 | Reached skill level 11 in Unarmed Combat 12721 | D:11 | Killed Sonja 12887 | D:11 | Killed a boulder beetle 12983 | D:11 | Killed a two-headed ogre 13012 | D:11 | Encountered an ettin 13023 | D:11 | Killed an ettin 13024 | D:11 | Reached skill level 12 in Unarmed Combat 13355 | D:11 | Reached XP level 12. HP: 67/94 MP: 10/12 13579 | D:11 | Encountered Fannar 13586 | D:11 | Killed Fannar 13628 | D:11 | Killed a centaur warrior 14093 | D:12 | Found Ufyd's Magic Scroll Emporium. 14098 | D:12 | Bought a scroll of butterflies for 221 gold pieces 14098 | D:12 | Bought a scroll of vulnerability for 93 gold pieces 14235 | D:12 | Bought a scroll of identify for 46 gold pieces 14317 | D:12 | Encountered a two-headed ogre 14325 | D:12 | Killed a two-headed ogre 14326 | D:12 | Reached skill level 10 in Fighting 14693 | D:12 | Found a staircase to the Orcish Mines. 15133 | D:12 | Received a gift from Trog 15777 | D:13 | Encountered a centaur warrior 15786 | D:13 | Killed a centaur warrior 15819 | D:13 | Encountered a centaur warrior 16210 | D:13 | Killed a centaur warrior 16255 | D:13 | Encountered Lodul 16766 | D:13 | Killed Lodul 17230 | D:14 | Encountered a rakshasa 17279 | D:14 | Killed a rakshasa 17293 | D:14 | Gained mutation: You are strongly in touch with the powers | of death. [Mummy growth] 17293 | D:14 | Reached XP level 13. HP: 89/103 MP: 13/13 17789 | D:14 | HP: 2/103 [burnt (9)] 17790 | D:14 | Incinerated by a deep elf pyromancer Illustrated notes Levels and vault maps discovered: D:1: nicolae_arrival_memento_mori, layout_loops_ring, serial_shops, shop D:2: layout_basic, corexii_corridor_pit, minmay_shallow_snake_nest, uniq_jessica D:3: layout_basic, grunt_ministairs_3, serial_park_tiny_2 D:4: layout_loops_ring, kennysheep_mini, nemelex_xobeh_ov_fountains_minmay, nicolae_uskayaw_suspiria, uniq_eustachio, uniq_sigmund D:5: layout_loops_cross, nicolae_ashenzari_skybound, nicolae_kikubaaqudgha_piles_of_ancient_bones, nicolae_elevator_lobby_plus, uniq_duvessa, uniq_menkaure, uniq_grinder D:6: layout_basic, nicolae_overflow_sandstone_temple, mainiacjoe_overflow_surrounded_room, uniq_jeremiah, uniq_crazy_yiuf_cottage, uniq_prince_ribbit1 D:7: layout_loops_corners, mainiacjoe_overflow_small_starburst, lemuel_round_altar, minmay_temple_entry_hall D:8: layout_loops_ring, david_lair_generic D:9: layout_long_grid, mainiacjoe_overflow_alcove_1, serial_shops, nicolae_shop_pleasant_corner_grove, nicolae_square_shop, shop, nicolae_shop_peninsula, serial_undead, serial_undead_b, serial_undead_e, serial_undead_a, serial_undead_b, uniq_maurice D:10: layout_cave_pools, marbit_many_paths, nicolae_overflow_crystal_walls, mainiacjoe_overflow_cross_hatched, grunt_temple_overflow_diamond, grunt_decor_fettered D:11: nzn_winding_woodlands_three_and_one [nzn_winding_woodlands_5x15_garden, nzn_winding_woodlands_5x15_pockets, nzn_winding_woodlands_5x15_lazy_stream, nzn_winding_woodlands_center_triple_pond], layout_basic, kennysheep_dice, uniq_fannar, uniq_harold, uniq_sonja D:12: layout_cave_pods, erik_orc_4, serial_shops, shop, drop_trap, roderic_nine_men_s_morris D:13: layout_big_octagon, uniq_lodul D:14: layout_long_grid, grunt_vaults_entry_fortified, minmay_misc_feat_more_columns Skill XL: | 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 | ---------------+-------------------------------------+----- Unarmed Combat | 3 4 5 6 7 9 10 12 | 12.8 Throwing | 2 3 4 5 6 8 | 8.0 Fighting | 5 8 10 | 10.0 Armour | 2 3 4 5 6 | 6.0 Dodging | 2 3 5 6 | 6.0 Stealth | 3 | 3.0 Action | 1- 3 | 4- 6 | 7- 9 | 10-12 | 13-15 || total ---------------------------+-------+-------+-------+-------+-------++------- Attack: Normal | 104 | 223 | 328 | 602 | 33 || 1290 Melee: Unarmed | 104 | 223 | 328 | 602 | 33 || 1290 Punch | 3 | 5 | 9 | 40 | 1 || 58 Throw: Dart | | 4 | 46 | 37 | 6 || 93 Boomerang | | | | 80 | || 80 Invoke: Trog's Hand | 1 | 1 | 3 | 7 | || 12 Brothers in Arms | | | | 4 | 1 || 5 Evoke: Wand of flame | | | | 6 | || 6 Wand of paralysis | | | | 8 | || 8 Wand of roots | | | | 4 | || 4 Read: Identify | | | 2 | 5 | || 7 Teleportation | | | 1 | 2 | || 3 Enchant armour | | | 1 | | || 1 Butterflies | | | | | 1 || 1 Stab: Sleeping | 2 | | | 3 | || 5 Paralysed | | | | 7 | || 7 Armour: Animal skin | 19 | | | | || 19 Ring mail | 44 | 164 | 250 | 539 | 24 || 1021 Dodge: Dodged | 47 | 127 | 137 | 317 | 6 || 634 Block: Kite shield | | | | | 2 || 2 Table legend: (Time is in decaauts) A = Elapsed time spent in this place. B = Non-inter-level travel time spent in this place. C = Inter-level travel time spent in this place. D = Time resting spent in this place. E = Time spent auto-exploring this place. F = Levels seen in this place. G = Mean time per level. A B C D E F G +--------+--------+--------+--------+--------+-----+--------+ Total | 17612 | 16538 | 1074 | 2904 | 10073 | 14 | 1258.0 | Dungeon | 17612 | 16538 | 1074 | 2904 | 10073 | 14 | 1258.0 | +--------+--------+--------+--------+--------+-----+--------+ Top non-repeatable levels by time: D:12: 2024 daAuts D:11: 1978 daAuts D:8: 1433 daAuts D:2: 1406 daAuts D:5: 1372 daAuts D:6: 1292 daAuts D:7: 1265 daAuts D:9: 1191 daAuts D:13: 1129 daAuts D:4: 1072 daAuts D:3: 1013 daAuts D:10: 923 daAuts D:1: 901 daAuts D:14: 606 daAuts DLua errors: Table legend: A = God B = Rank C = Start time D = Start piety E = Piety gained F = Piety on gifts G = Piety on penance H = Piety on stepdowns I = Piety wasted at max piety J = Piety decays K = Piety lost (inc. decay) A B C D E F G H I J K +-----------------+---+---------+-----+-----+-----+-----+-----+-----+-----+-----+ Trog | 1 | 0 | 35 | 15 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 Trog | 2 | 3780 | 50 | 28 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 3 Trog | 3 | 22245 | 75 | 27 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 2 Trog | 4 | 40328 | 100 | 5 | 0 | 0 | 3 | 0 | 0 | 6 Trog | 3 | 50037 | 99 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 Trog | 4 | 52286 | 100 | 20 | 0 | 0 | 11 | 0 | 0 | 0 Trog | 5 | 70943 | 120 | 43 | 0 | 0 | 29 | 0 | 0 | 3 Trog | 6 | 112135 | 160 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 5 | 0 | 0 | 3 Trog | 5 | 119027 | 159 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 Trog | 6 | 119027 | 160 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 3 Trog | 5 | 119520 | 158 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 Trog | 6 | 123458 | 160 | 9 | 0 | 0 | 13 | 0 | 0 | 10 Trog | 5 | 134494 | 159 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 Trog | 6 | 138600 | 160 | 16 | 0 | 0 | 34 | 0 | 0 | 19 Trog | 5 | 167738 | 157 | 7 | 0 | 0 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 18 +-----------------+---+---------+-----+-----+-----+-----+-----+-----+-----+-----+ Conducts for god: Trog Piety from conduct Conduct | 1- 3 | 4- 6 | 7- 9 | 10-12 | 13-15 || total ----------------------+-------+-------+-------+-------+-------++------- Kill Living | 22 | 34 | 39 | 78 | 2 || 175 Kill Undead | 0 | 0 | 5 | 23 | 0 || 28 Kill Demon | 0 | 0 | 2 | 1 | 0 || 3 Kill Wizard | 1 | 2 | 4 | 10 | 1 || 17 Kill Nonliving | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 || 1 ----------------------+-------+-------+-------+-------+-------++------- Conduct count Conduct | 1- 3 | 4- 6 | 7- 9 | 10-12 | 13-15 || total ----------------------+-------+-------+-------+-------+-------++------- Kill Living | 36 | 59 | 68 | 136 | 3 || 302 Kill Undead | 0 | 0 | 9 | 39 | 0 || 48 Kill Demon | 0 | 0 | 3 | 2 | 0 || 5 Kill Wizard | 1 | 3 | 6 | 17 | 1 || 28 Kill Nonliving | 0 | 0 | 0 | 2 | 0 || 2 ----------------------+-------+-------+-------+-------+-------++-------