Illumine Level 1 of the Dungeon (0, 0, D:1) 30 stones (8, -4, D:1) a +0 club (16, -21, D:1) 4 stones (17, -21, D:1) a +0 scale mail (19, 6, D:1) a +0 dagger (20, 4, D:1) a +0 dagger (23, -9, D:1) a +0 dagger (25, 3, D:1) a +0 short sword (27, 3, D:1) a stone (28, 3, D:1) a stone (35, -10, D:1) a +0 dagger (40, -11, D:1) 8 arrows (unseen) (51, -8, D:1) 5 stones Level 2 of the Dungeon (0, 0, D:2) 17 stones (13, -5, D:2) 18 poisoned darts (19, -23, D:2) a +0 club (20, -24, D:2) a +2 dagger of speed (32, -15, D:2) 18 stones (36, -40, D:2) a +0 hunting sling (40, -24, D:2) 3 stones (42, -4, D:2) a +0 mace (54, -6, D:2) 23 stones Level 3 of the Dungeon (0, 0, D:3) a +0 whip (2, 21, D:3) a +0 mace (7, 2, D:3) 23 bolts (12, 1, D:3) a +0 ring mail a +0 dagger of draining (12, 2, D:3) a +0 scale mail a +0 dagger (15, 2, D:3) a +0 robe a +0 dagger (15, 3, D:3) a +0 robe a +0 dagger (28, 28, D:3) a +0 club (32, 10, D:3) a +0 robe (35, 23, D:3) a +0 club (37, 20, D:3) a +0 chain mail (38, 7, D:3) a +0 leather armour (38, 20, D:3) a +0 club (44, 19, D:3) a +0 ring mail a +0 whip (44, 20, D:3) a cursed +0 leather armour a +0 flail (46, 19, D:3) a cursed -2 short sword (47, 3, D:3) a +0 club (52, 21, D:3) a +0 chain mail a +0 club (67, 40, D:3) 11 poisoned darts Level 4 of the Dungeon (0, 0, D:4) 21 stones (2, -12, D:4) a +0 flail a +0 leather armour a +0 club a +0 leather armour (2, -11, D:4) 2 boomerangs a cursed +0 leather armour (3, -23, D:4) 18 stones (7, -24, D:4) a +0 robe (12, 5, D:4) a +0 giant club (17, -5, D:4) a +0 mace (17, -3, D:4) 21 stones (26, -6, D:4) 23 arrows (27, 7, D:4) a +0 scythe a +0 robe (37, -34, D:4) 10 arrows (42, -3, D:4) a +0 quarterstaff (52, 4, D:4) a +0 giant spiked club Level 5 of the Dungeon (0, 0, D:5) a scroll of noise (1, 2, D:5) a +0 short sword (4, -2, D:5) 19 stones (6, -20, D:5) a +0 morningstar (6, -19, D:5) a +0 club a +0 flail (18, 9, D:5) a stone (19, 5, D:5) a +0 short sword (19, 6, D:5) a +0 dagger of venom 4 poisoned darts a +0 hand axe (19, 7, D:5) a stone (19, 8, D:5) a stone a +0 club (20, 5, D:5) a +0 club (21, -27, D:5) 16 poisoned darts (21, 5, D:5) a +0 club (34, -14, D:5) a scroll of noise a potion of degeneration Level 6 of the Dungeon (0, 0, D:6) 8 boomerangs (10, 32, D:6) a scroll of noise (18, 10, D:6) a +0 plate armour (18, 22, D:6) a +0 whip a +0 chain mail (20, 36, D:6) a +0 leather armour (23, 9, D:6) a +0 hand axe a +0 shortbow 19 arrows (23, 17, D:6) a +0 hand axe (25, 10, D:6) 2 arrows (26, 10, D:6) an arrow (27, 13, D:6) 21 stones (36, 21, D:6) a +0 short sword a +0 leather armour a +0 dagger a +0 robe (38, 18, D:6) a +0 war axe (38, 20, D:6) a +0 scale mail Level 7 of the Dungeon (0, 0, D:7) a +0 dagger a +0 robe (4, -34, D:7) a +0 leather armour (7, -38, D:7) a cursed -2 ring mail (29, -37, D:7) 15 bolts (31, -18, D:7) a +0 club (37, -6, D:7) a cursed +0 robe (47, -21, D:7) 19 stones (51, -61, D:7) a cursed +0 chain mail (51, -14, D:7) a +0 dagger a +0 robe (51, -13, D:7) a +0 dagger a +0 short sword a +0 leather armour (52, -35, D:7) a +0 falchion (53, -13, D:7) a +0 hand axe (57, -32, D:7) 22 stones (59, -47, D:7) a +0 chain mail (59, -24, D:7) a +0 mace (59, -22, D:7) a +0 short sword a +0 plate armour (59, -21, D:7) a +0 short sword a cursed +0 ring mail (60, -24, D:7) a +0 hand axe a +0 leather armour (65, -17, D:7) 18 stones Level 8 of the Dungeon (0, 0, D:8) a +0 dagger a +0 ring mail (8, -5, D:8) a +0 dagger (12, -17, D:8) a +0 mace 26 stones (12, -13, D:8) a stone a +0 leather armour a +0 mace (12, -10, D:8) a stone (13, -12, D:8) a stone (16, -11, D:8) an uncursed ring of stealth (17, -12, D:8) a +0 mace a +0 leather armour (17, -11, D:8) a +0 flail a +0 robe (18, -12, D:8) a +0 dagger a +0 robe (18, -9, D:8) a +0 dagger a cursed +0 robe (18, -1, D:8) 27 stones (19, 8, D:8) a +0 robe a +0 dagger (20, -12, D:8) a +0 mace a +0 leather armour (20, 8, D:8) a +0 hand axe (20, 9, D:8) a +0 robe a +0 dagger (22, 5, D:8) a throwing net (23, -9, D:8) a +0 short sword a +0 ring mail (23, -8, D:8) a +0 short sword of venom a +0 chain mail (23, -7, D:8) a +0 flail a +0 leather armour (25, -7, D:8) a +0 dagger a +0 robe (27, -10, D:8) a +0 plate armour a +0 battleaxe (33, 1, D:8) a +0 scale mail (37, -6, D:8) a +0 dagger (37, -5, D:8) a +0 whip (38, -6, D:8) a +0 flail a +0 war axe (39, -8, D:8) a +0 buckler a +0 scale mail a +0 spear (39, -7, D:8) a +0 leather armour a +0 short sword (41, -24, D:8) a +0 club (44, -22, D:8) a +0 ring mail Level 9 of the Dungeon (0, 0, D:9) a +1 shortbow of flaming (1, 14, D:9) a +0 short sword (2, 13, D:9) 12 arrows (19, 34, D:9) a +0 ring mail (25, 42, D:9) 14 stones (27, 23, D:9) a +1 pair of boots (48, 0, D:9) 29 bolts (49, 40, D:9) a +0 giant club a +0 giant spiked club (52, 13, D:9) a +1 flail of holy wrath a +0 war axe (57, 18, D:9) 23 bolts (58, 5, D:9) a +0 dagger (58, 6, D:9) a +0 dagger a +0 robe (58, 7, D:9) a +0 dagger a +0 leather armour a +0 dagger a +0 robe a +0 mace (59, 7, D:9) a +0 hand axe (59, 8, D:9) a +0 trident (60, 6, D:9) a +0 giant club a +0 giant club (60, 7, D:9) a +0 club (64, 20, D:9) a +0 hand axe 7 boomerangs a +0 plate armour (65, 20, D:9) a +0 dagger a +0 leather armour a +0 dagger (69, 18, D:9) a +0 flail (70, 15, D:9) a +0 plate armour Level 10 of the Dungeon [Shop] Vuniefuo's Food Shoppe a ration (65 gold) a ration (65 gold) a ration (65 gold) a ration (65 gold) a ration (65 gold) a ration (65 gold) a ration (65 gold) a ration (65 gold) (0, 0, D:10) a +0 mace (4, 24, D:10) a +0 club (22, 26, D:10) a +0 whip 2 stones (24, 16, D:10) a +0 hunting sling (24, 25, D:10) a stone (24, 28, D:10) a +0 dagger a +0 longbow 16 arrows a +0 leather armour (25, 24, D:10) a stone (26, 24, D:10) a stone (26, 29, D:10) a +0 long sword (27, 32, D:10) a +1 robe of magic resistance (31, 31, D:10) a +0 chain mail Level 11 of the Dungeon (2, 25, D:11) a +0 ring mail (3, 26, D:11) a +0 morningstar (3, 33, D:11) 22 arrows a +0 shortbow (5, 45, D:11) 23 stones (6, 0, D:11) Sif Muna's Guide on the Birds Spells Type Level Known a - Shock Conjuration/Air 1 no (6, 45, D:11) a +0 quarterstaff (7, 26, D:11) a +0 morningstar (8, 25, D:11) a +0 ring mail (8, 26, D:11) a +0 glaive a +0 chain mail (10, 26, D:11) a +0 dagger a +0 robe (32, 12, D:11) a potion of degeneration (39, 32, D:11) a +0 troll leather armour (44, 22, D:11) 23 stones (46, 25, D:11) a +0 giant club a +0 giant club (46, 46, D:11) a +4 scimitar of flaming a +2 robe of fire resistance (49, 46, D:11) 18 bolts (54, 21, D:11) a scroll of noise the Ecumenical Temple Level 1 of the Orcish Mines [Shop] Higuafil's Gadget Shop a box of beasts (240 gold) a crystal ball of energy (240 gold) a lightning rod (4/4) (480 gold) a wand of iceblast (10) (168 gold) a wand of paralysis (8) (120 gold) a wand of clouds (2) (216 gold) a wand of iceblast (6) (120 gold) a wand of digging (5) (216 gold) a wand of acid (11) (360 gold) a box of beasts (240 gold) a wand of iceblast (6) (120 gold) a wand of digging (6) (240 gold) (0, 0, Orc:1) a +0 robe a +0 dagger (1, -2, Orc:1) a +0 giant club (1, -1, Orc:1) a +0 robe a +1 vampiric dagger (1, 0, Orc:1) a +0 hand axe a +0 flail (2, -2, Orc:1) a +0 chain mail 6 boomerangs a +0 halberd (3, -1, Orc:1) a +0 dire flail a +0 dire flail (8, 24, Orc:1) a +0 mace a +0 chain mail of fire resistance (9, 24, Orc:1) a cursed -1 hand axe a +0 club a +0 scale mail (10, 22, Orc:1) a +0 dagger of speed a +0 robe (10, 23, Orc:1) a +0 whip (14, 9, Orc:1) a +0 whip (14, 10, Orc:1) a cursed +0 leather armour a +0 chain mail a +0 falchion 2 boomerangs a +0 war axe (15, 30, Orc:1) a +0 giant club (16, 8, Orc:1) a +0 dagger (17, -4, Orc:1) 5 large rocks (17, -3, Orc:1) 3 large rocks (18, 11, Orc:1) a +0 plate armour a +0 long sword (19, 11, Orc:1) a +0 chain mail a +0 glaive a +0 chain mail a +0 trident a +0 dagger (19, 12, Orc:1) a +2 plate armour of fire resistance a +0 trident (20, -11, Orc:1) a large rock (20, -8, Orc:1) a large rock (20, 12, Orc:1) a +0 chain mail a +0 hand axe a +0 giant spiked club (21, -9, Orc:1) 2 large rocks (21, -8, Orc:1) 2 large rocks (21, 12, Orc:1) a +0 leather armour a cursed -2 falchion a +0 dagger a +0 robe (21, 13, Orc:1) a +0 leather armour a cursed -1 short sword (22, -8, Orc:1) 9 large rocks (24, 14, Orc:1) a +0 robe a +0 dagger (24, 15, Orc:1) a +0 club (25, 15, Orc:1) a +0 falchion (27, -16, Orc:1) a large rock (27, 14, Orc:1) a +0 plate armour a +0 short sword (30, -16, Orc:1) a large rock (32, 4, Orc:1) a +0 giant club (33, -17, Orc:1) 4 large rocks (34, -17, Orc:1) 4 large rocks (unseen) (34, -16, Orc:1) a large rock (38, -13, Orc:1) a +6 mace of protection (38, -12, Orc:1) a +0 flail of draining (39, -13, Orc:1) a +0 war axe (39, -12, Orc:1) a +1 quarterstaff of protection (40, -13, Orc:1) the +6 dagger "Zeis" {freeze, rC+} It has been specially enchanted to freeze those struck by it, causing extra injury to most foes and up to half again as much damage against particularly susceptible opponents. It can also slow down cold-blooded creatures. It protects you from cold. (40, -12, Orc:1) a +2 falchion of holy wrath (41, -13, Orc:1) a +6 vampiric scimitar (41, -12, Orc:1) a +2 scythe of flaming (42, -16, Orc:1) a +0 dagger a +0 robe a +2 dire flail of protection a +2 dire flail of protection (42, -13, Orc:1) a +0 flail of protection (43, -16, Orc:1) a +0 dire flail a cursed -2 great mace a +2 battleaxe of freezing 2 large rocks (44, -15, Orc:1) a large rock (45, -14, Orc:1) a large rock (45, -13, Orc:1) a large rock (45, -12, Orc:1) a large rock (46, -14, Orc:1) a large rock (46, -12, Orc:1) 6 large rocks (46, -11, Orc:1) 2 large rocks (51, -9, Orc:1) a +0 battleaxe of freezing (51, -8, Orc:1) the +0 scale mail of Light {*Slow rF++ Int+4 Slay+4} It affects your intelligence (+4). It affects your accuracy and damage with ranged weapons and melee attacks (+4). It greatly protects you from fire. It may slow you when you take damage. (51, -6, Orc:1) a large rock (51, -1, Orc:1) a large rock (51, 4, Orc:1) a large rock (51, 5, Orc:1) a large rock (52, -9, Orc:1) a +3 ring mail of poison resistance (52, -8, Orc:1) a +1 plate armour of magic resistance a +0 plate armour (52, 4, Orc:1) a +0 troll leather armour (53, -12, Orc:1) a +0 robe (53, -11, Orc:1) 2 datura-tipped darts Level 2 of the Orcish Mines [Shop] Nuch's Antique Armour Emporium a cursed -2 plate armour (360 gold) a +2 robe of positive energy (529 gold) a +0 leather armour (72 gold) a +3 ring mail of fire resistance (936 gold) [Shop] Jyomacry's Antique Weapon Shop a +0 hand axe (90 gold) a cursed -1 club (3 gold) a +0 club (30 gold) a +0 battleaxe of freezing (411 gold) a +0 hunting sling (45 gold) a +0 quarterstaff (120 gold) a +4 antimagic morningstar (1020 gold) a +0 club (30 gold) a +5 arbalest of velocity (1011 gold) a +0 dagger (60 gold) a +1 falchion of holy wrath (372 gold) a +1 antimagic lajatang (1560 gold) a +0 broad axe (120 gold) a +0 quarterstaff (120 gold) a +0 dagger (60 gold) [Shop] Hiudghim's Book Shoppe a book of Battle (600 gold) a book of Changes (375 gold) a book of the Warp (1350 gold) a book of the Earth (975 gold) a book of Necromancy (450 gold) a book of Debilitation (600 gold) a book of Power (675 gold) a book of Flames (525 gold) a book of Unlife (975 gold) [Shop] Loech's General Store a potion of brilliance (48 gold) a +0 robe (8 gold) 14 stones (16 gold) a +0 scythe of venom (67 gold) a +3 trident (246 gold) a scroll of teleportation (36 gold) 28 stones (33 gold) a scroll of random uselessness (12 gold) a scroll of fear (42 gold) a +2 robe of magic resistance (212 gold) (0, 0, Orc:2) a +0 trident a +0 chain mail (16, 7, Orc:2) a +0 flail a +2 chain mail of cold resistance (17, 9, Orc:2) a +0 dagger a +0 battleaxe a +0 plate armour (18, 8, Orc:2) a +2 battleaxe a +0 chain mail a +0 club (19, 6, Orc:2) a +0 leather armour (19, 8, Orc:2) a +0 mace (20, 7, Orc:2) a +0 glaive a +0 chain mail (21, 5, Orc:2) a +0 club (21, 6, Orc:2) a +0 falchion a +0 scale mail a +0 glaive a +0 plate armour (22, 4, Orc:2) a +0 great mace a +0 plate armour (22, 6, Orc:2) a +0 flail a +0 halberd a +0 plate armour (23, 26, Orc:2) a +0 shield a +1 cloak (28, 27, Orc:2) a +0 giant spiked club a +0 giant spiked club a +0 plate armour a +1 mace of draining (32, 28, Orc:2) a cursed +0 flail a +0 plate armour (35, 3, Orc:2) a +0 dagger a +1 robe of positive energy a +0 dagger a +2 robe of magic resistance a +0 club (35, 5, Orc:2) a +1 battleaxe of venom a +0 scimitar a +0 plate armour a +0 great sword a +1 plate armour of cold resistance (36, 3, Orc:2) a +0 long sword a +0 plate armour a +0 dagger a +2 robe of cold resistance a +0 club a +0 club a +0 war axe a +0 chain mail (36, 15, Orc:2) a cursed -1 short sword (37, 2, Orc:2) a +1 dagger of protection a +0 robe (37, 3, Orc:2) a +0 hand axe a +0 plate armour a +0 dagger a +2 robe of cold resistance a +3 dagger a +0 robe (37, 4, Orc:2) a +0 long sword a +0 plate armour a +0 glaive a +0 plate armour (37, 6, Orc:2) a +0 short sword a +2 ring mail of magic resistance (40, 12, Orc:2) a +0 battleaxe a +0 chain mail (40, 15, Orc:2) a +0 war axe a +1 chain mail of poison resistance a +0 shield (40, 19, Orc:2) a +0 plate armour a +0 scimitar (40, 20, Orc:2) a +0 chain mail a +0 scimitar (40, 21, Orc:2) a +0 chain mail a +1 mace of draining (41, 11, Orc:2) a +0 battleaxe a +0 chain mail (41, 12, Orc:2) a +0 club a +0 mace a +0 chain mail a +0 flail a +0 ring mail (41, 13, Orc:2) a +0 dagger a +0 robe (41, 16, Orc:2) a +2 great mace a +3 plate armour of cold resistance (41, 21, Orc:2) a +0 troll leather armour a +0 robe a +0 dagger a +0 short sword a +0 plate armour a +1 short sword of flaming a +0 plate armour a cursed -1 giant spiked club (42, 4, Orc:2) a +0 battleaxe a +0 chain mail (42, 11, Orc:2) a +0 club a +0 leather armour (42, 12, Orc:2) a +0 dagger a +2 robe of cold resistance (42, 21, Orc:2) a +0 ring mail a +0 dire flail a +0 leather armour a +0 war axe a +0 chain mail a +0 giant club (43, 4, Orc:2) a +0 war axe (43, 11, Orc:2) a +1 war axe of freezing a +0 plate armour (43, 12, Orc:2) a +0 short sword 8 boomerangs a +0 chain mail (43, 15, Orc:2) a +0 glaive of venom a +0 chain mail (43, 20, Orc:2) a +0 chain mail a +0 glaive (43, 21, Orc:2) a +0 chain mail a +0 long sword a +0 dire flail a +0 chain mail (44, 11, Orc:2) a +0 trident a +0 chain mail (46, 11, Orc:2) a +0 giant spiked club (47, 12, Orc:2) a +0 mace a +0 leather armour (47, 16, Orc:2) a +0 giant club (49, 17, Orc:2) a +0 dagger a +2 robe of cold resistance Level 1 of the Lair of Beasts (9, 1, Lair:1) 16 bolts (21, 12, Lair:1) 13 stones (44, -2, Lair:1) a potion of curing (48, 6, Lair:1) a ration (50, -25, Lair:1) a +0 robe Level 2 of the Lair of Beasts (0, 0, Lair:2) 41 arrows a +0 shortbow a +0 shortbow (1, 0, Lair:2) 19 arrows a +0 shortbow (19, 11, Lair:2) a +0 great mace (34, 10, Lair:2) 8 stones (42, -18, Lair:2) a +0 great mace (42, 32, Lair:2) a +0 morningstar (46, 24, Lair:2) a +0 dagger (47, 12, Lair:2) a +0 leather armour (49, 23, Lair:2) a +0 flail Level 3 of the Lair of Beasts (0, 0, Lair:3) 13 stones (11, -1, Lair:3) a +0 flail (12, 25, Lair:3) an uncursed staff of conjuration (15, 4, Lair:3) 29 stones (21, -5, Lair:3) 20 bolts (22, 19, Lair:3) a +0 spear (24, 6, Lair:3) a +0 robe (32, 15, Lair:3) a +0 robe (37, 16, Lair:3) a potion of curing (39, 17, Lair:3) a ration (40, 18, Lair:3) a book of Flames (41, 17, Lair:3) a scroll of fear (41, 18, Lair:3) a scroll of fog (42, 13, Lair:3) a ration (43, 18, Lair:3) a +0 scale mail (44, 18, Lair:3) 2 curare-tipped darts (45, 13, Lair:3) a ration (60, 41, Lair:3) an uncursed amulet of the gourmand an uncursed amulet of rage Level 4 of the Lair of Beasts (4, 8, Lair:4) a +3 ring of strength (5, 8, Lair:4) an arrow (6, 7, Lair:4) an arrow (6, 9, Lair:4) 2 arrows (8, 9, Lair:4) a +1 longbow of flaming a +0 centaur barding (11, 3, Lair:4) 14 arrows (17, 16, Lair:4) a +0 dagger a +0 robe (30, -5, Lair:4) a +1 troll leather armour {Snorg} (31, 4, Lair:4) 23 bolts (45, -17, Lair:4) 13 stones (45, 26, Lair:4) 15 stones (46, -9, Lair:4) an uncursed staff of summoning Level 5 of the Lair of Beasts (0, 0, Lair:5) a +0 ring mail (0, 1, Lair:5) 19 stones (1, 1, Lair:5) a cursed -1 robe (12, 23, Lair:5) a +0 halberd (16, 13, Lair:5) 16 bolts (19, 19, Lair:5) a +0 ring mail (32, 39, Lair:5) a +0 falchion (36, 20, Lair:5) a +0 robe (44, 10, Lair:5) a potion of degeneration (45, 21, Lair:5) 12 arrows (58, 12, Lair:5) a +0 hand axe Level 6 of the Lair of Beasts (0, 0, Lair:6) a scarf of spirit shield (11, -20, Lair:6) a scroll of noise (14, -22, Lair:6) an uncursed ring of resist corrosion (21, 31, Lair:6) 8 poisoned darts (32, 31, Lair:6) a +0 flail (35, -1, Lair:6) a +0 scale mail (48, 34, Lair:6) 9 stones (57, 37, Lair:6) 15 sling bullets (58, 36, Lair:6) a cursed staff of death (59, 4, Lair:6) a +0 long sword (59, 36, Lair:6) a +4 glaive of freezing (61, 19, Lair:6) a +0 whip Level 1 of the Shoals (0, 0, Shoals:1) a stone (0, 2, Shoals:1) 3 stones (3, -2, Shoals:1) a sling bullet (3, -1, Shoals:1) 2 sling bullets (3, 0, Shoals:1) a stone (3, 1, Shoals:1) a stone (5, -2, Shoals:1) a +0 hunting sling a +0 club a +0 hunting sling a +1 quarterstaff of protection 33 sling bullets a faun corpse (5, -1, Shoals:1) a +0 quarterstaff a +0 hunting sling 19 stones a sling bullet (5, 0, Shoals:1) a +0 club a +0 hunting sling 13 stones a faun corpse (7, -1, Shoals:1) a sling bullet (7, 13, Shoals:1) a stone (7, 15, Shoals:1) a stone (7, 20, Shoals:1) a +2 trident of piercing a merfolk corpse (8, 1, Shoals:1) a sling bullet a stone (8, 12, Shoals:1) a stone (8, 14, Shoals:1) a +0 hunting sling a +0 spear 15 stones (8, 17, Shoals:1) a stone (9, 2, Shoals:1) a stone (9, 17, Shoals:1) a +0 club a +0 hunting sling 26 stones (9, 20, Shoals:1) a wind drake skeleton (9, 21, Shoals:1) 2 stones (10, 4, Shoals:1) a sling bullet a stone (10, 6, Shoals:1) a stone (10, 9, Shoals:1) 3 stones (10, 13, Shoals:1) 2 sling bullets (10, 14, Shoals:1) a +0 trident 7 boomerangs (10, 17, Shoals:1) a stone (10, 18, Shoals:1) a stone a sling bullet (10, 20, Shoals:1) a cursed -1 hunting sling a +0 club 20 stones a +0 trident (11, 20, Shoals:1) a +0 club a +0 hunting sling 24 sling bullets (12, 7, Shoals:1) a stone (12, 25, Shoals:1) 2 throwing nets (13, 6, Shoals:1) a stone (13, 12, Shoals:1) a stone (25, 32, Shoals:1) a +0 scale mail